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1.??? Name???????????? :??? Sachin Kumar .N.Naravani
2.??? Occupation?? :?? Sr.Lecturer-M.B.A
3.??? Place????????????? :?? Koppal, Karnataka state and India
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4.??? Email????????????? :?? sachin_naravani@yahoo.co.in??????????????????
The Role of HR Consultants in Employment with Reference IT Industry in India
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ABSTRACT
Consultancy in India
Services play a crucial role in our economy. Among services consultancy profession assumes significance as a catalyst of change in the ever-expanding industrial scenario. Consultants help in optimizing use of resources to enhance efficiency and overall returns from a project. Over 1, 00,000 specialists are employed, including nearly 10,000 management consultants. The wide spectrum of disciplines and services provided by Indian consultants range from project identification to commissioning involving, supervision and training of personnel, market surveys, rehabilitation of sick units as well as operation and maintenance. Largest concentration of consultancy organizations is in the four metropolitan cities Delhi (25.7%) has the highest number of consultancy organization among four metropolitan cities followed by Mumbai (25.5%) Chennai (12.1%) and Kolkata (9.1%). Indian consultancy capabilities are strong in several areas such as civil engineering and cubs #38 blue jersey construction, telecommunication, power, metallurgy, chemical, petrochemicals and computer software. The service provided includes feasibility and market studies erection and commissioning of plant and machinery, system engineering etc.
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Following specialties attribute to the strength of Indian Consultancy profession.
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- Well-dispersed and wide-ranging areas of specialization to service diverse range of clientele needs.
- Advanced technical talents/ skills at reasonable cost.
- Familiarity with local conditions.
The result of the 61st round of survey by NSSO ? National Sample Survey Organisation conducted in 2004-05 provides the latest information on the employment and unemployment scenario in India. National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) surveys and generates data and information once in five years.
Labor force scenario in India
The Indian labor market can be categorized into three sectors:
? Rural workers, who constitute about 60% of the workforce
? Organized of the formal sector, that constitutes about 8% of the workforce
? Urban unorganized or informal structure which represents the 32% of the workforce.
During the year 1999-2000, the labour force was estimated to be 407 million. In 2004-05 the labor market consisted of 469.06 million workers and has grown up to 509.3 million in the year 2006. The labour force growth rate accelerated from 1.03 per cent to 2.93 per cent (more than the population growth rate).
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In million
CAGR
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1993-94
1999-00
2004-05
1993-94 to 1999-00
1999-00 to 2004-05
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Labour Force*
381.94
406.05
469.05
1.03
2.93
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Employment and unemployment rates
The annual rate of employment growth has increased from 0.98 per cent for the period 1993-94 to 1999-00 to 2.89 per cent in the period 1999-00 to 2004-05. The main reason of the increasing unemployment rate is the growth rate of the labour force which is more than the growth rate of employment.
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1983
1988
1994
1999-00
2004-05
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Employed
302.75
324.29
374.45
397
457.82
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Unemployed
5.89
9.2
7.49
9.05
11.24
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Unemployment rate(as % of labour force)
1.91
2.76
1.96
2.23
2.39
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The employment scenario in India is dominated by the unorganized sector. As per the data for the year 2004-05, only about 9 percent of the total workforce is in the organized sector (all public sector establishments and all non-agricultural establishments in private sector with 10 or more workers); the remaining 91 percent are in the unorganized sector, self-employed, or employed as casual wage laborers. The organized sector is not growing in terms of the employment opportunities.
Employment in Indian industry sectors
The employment growth rate for the period 2004-05 has been recorded at 2.89 per cent i.e. a growth of 1.91 from the previous 0.98 per cent for the period1999-00. The employment scenario in different
Indian Industry sectors is as follows
Employment Projections
Sector
Employment in 2004-2005 (Millions)
Projected Elasticity
GDP Growth Rate (%)
Employment cubs #38 blue jersey Growth Rate??????????? (%)
Projected Employment 2009
Agriculture Forestry & Fishing
267.57
0.7
3.73
2.61
296.62
Mining & Quarrying
2.74
0.82
4.73
3.88
3.19
Manufacturing
53.51
0.34
10.9
3.71
61.9
Electricity Gas water supply
1.37
0.33
6.9
2.28
1.5
Trade, Hotels & Restaurant, Transport, Storage & Communication
64.49
0.45
11.97
5.39
79.56
Financing, Insurance, Real estate & Business services
6.86
0.94
10.33
9.71
9.94
Community, Social & Personal services
35.67
0.28
7.6
2.13
38.81
Total
457.82
0.36
9.13
3.29
529.87
The share of the agriculture and allied activities has fallen from 59.8 per cent in 1999-00 to 58.4 per cent in 2004-05. But, the sector has also absorbed almost half of the increment in the workforce. Also, the employment elasticity of the agriculture and the allied sector stands high at 1.52.
?The share of the manufacturing sector in employment has seen a marginal decline from 12.1 per cent to 11.7 per cent, absorbing 5.5 million share of the incremental workforce.
?The services also increased its share in the employment from 22.7 per cent to 23.4 per cent, absorbing 16.8 million from the workforce during 1999-00 to 2004-05.
The share of the self?employed workers in the Indian workforce has increased tremendously to 260 million.
Elasticity of employment
The Indian economy witnessed a decrease in the employment elasticity from 0.41 to 0.15 from 1993-94 to 1999-00. But the latest survey has seen this trend being reversed. For the period 2004-05, the aggregate employment elasticity has tripled from a low of 0.15 to 0.48.
With the trends being witnessed, it has been projected that if the economy and the labour force maintain the constant growth rate of 9 and 2.93 per cent respectively, the workforce and the labour force will converge within a short period.
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?The IT Industry in India the Attraction for HR Consultants
The Information Technology (IT) sector in India holds the distinction of advancing the country into the new-age economy. The growth momentum attained by the overall economy since the late 1990s to a great extent can be owed to the IT sector, well supported by a liberalized policy regime with reduction in telecommunication cost and import duties on hardware and software. Perceptible is the transformation since liberalisation ? India today is the world leader in information technology and business outsourcing. Correspondingly, the industry's contribution to India's GDP has grown significantly from 1.2% in 1999-2000 to around 4.8% in FY06, and has been estimated to cross 5% in FY07. The sector has been growing at an annual rate of 28% per annum since FY01.
Indian IT companies have globally established their superiority in terms of cost advantage, availability of skilled manpower and the quality of services. They have been enhancing their global service delivery capabilities through a combination of organic and inorganic growth initiatives. Global giants like Microsoft, SAP, Oracle, and Lenovo have already established their captive centers in India. These companies recognise the advantage India offers and the fact that it is among the fastest growing IT markets in the Asia-Pacific region.
Summarizing some key
Industry Structure
The size of the Indian IT industry, according to NASSCOM, has been estimated to be around US$ 47.8 bn. The Indian IT industry can be broadly divided into two markets: domestic market and exports market. The exports market constitutes the largest segment accounting for 75% of the total revenue generated by the Indian software industry.
The domestic IT market is broadly divided into the following four segments: IT Services, software segment which includes engineering and Research & Development (R&D) services, IT-enabled Services and Business Process Outsourcing (ITeS-BPO), and Hardware. While IT Services accounted for 34% of the total revenue generated by the domestic market in FY06, the Engineering Services,
R&D and Software Products segments together accounted for 10% of the revenue. The ITeS-BPO segment, on the other hand, contributed 7%. Hardware is the dominant segment with a share of about 49%. The domestic IT market grew at a CAGR of 21.9% during FY02-06 to touch US$ 13.2 bn, and is projected to grow to US$ 15.9 bn in FY07, registering a growth of 24% y-o-y.
The exports market is dominated by the IT services market holding a share of 56.4% in the software and services exports in FY06, followed by the ITeS-BPO segment with 26.7% share and the software products and engineering services segment with 16.9% share.
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